Barriers to Business Community Participation in Local Government Accountability in Adado
Somali Public Agenda
December 25, 2025
The Adado business community plays a limited role in local
The Adado business community plays a limited role in local
Jowhar’s health system relies heavily on donor-funded hospitals, with its
The Bosaso District Development Committee (DDC), created through presidential decree,
Bosaso, Puntland’s commercial hub, relies on business and customs taxes
Jowhar’s local government primarily provides administrative services such as licensing,
Low trust and negative perceptions of the Adado local government—driven
The Jowhar Local Council has struggled to function effectively due
Bosaso’s electricity price of USD 0.79 per kilowatt has severely
Revenue Generation in Adaado is Operational but Limited: Out of
Somalia’s 2025 federal budget increased to $1.32 billion, with 67%
Somali Public Agenda is a non-profit public policy and administration research organization based in Mogadishu. Its aim is to advance understanding and improvement of public administration and public services in Somalia through evidence-based research and analysis.
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