Somalia’s 2025 federal budget increased to $1.32 billion, with 67% funded by donors and $429 million expected from domestic revenue—a 24% rise from 2024. Budget …
Somalia’s 2025 federal budget increased to $1.32 billion, with 67% funded by donors and $429 million expected from domestic revenue—a 24% rise from 2024. Budget …
Jowhar’s local government faces significant challenges in revenue collection that hinder effective service delivery and accountability. Primary constraints include limited fiscal autonomy due to the …
After years of conflict and instability, Somalia is entering a period where transitional justice is possible. Three decades of experience in Africa show that transitional …
Residents in Beledweyne have been suffering from insecurity in recent months that has resulted from the coexistence of the Hirshabelle state and the self-proclaimed ‘Hiiraan state,’ both of which …
This governance brief analyses the FGS’s demand to liquidate the special political mission, UNSOM. In so doing, it lays out brief context to the introduction …
This brief analyzes the 2024 federal budget and its main allocations for the administration, security, social services, and economic development sectors. Finally, the brief outlines …
Somali Public Agenda (SPA) is a non-profit, non-partisan, and independent public policy and administration research and action organization based in Mogadishu. It aims to advance understanding and improvement of public policy and services in Somalia through evidence-based research and analysis, dialogue, policy and service design, and training.
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